Green Synthesis of Mediated Ag/MgO Nanohydroxyapatite from Crayfish Using Orange Peel Extract (Citrus aurantium delcis)for BiomaterialsApplications

Conversion of waste such as crayfish shell to resourceful biomaterial like Hydroxylapatite is a led-light to the realization of United Nation vision 2030.Waste crayfish shell are being generated in tons of million across the globe annually thus constituting environmental pollution, while the demand for the synthesis of pure and biologically active materials is on the increase.This present work is aimed at investigating the facile synthesis of crayfish waste derived hydroxyapatite (CFSHAP) and substituent synthesis of its orange peel extract mediated Ag/MgOnHAP nanocomposite, as a potential biomaterial in bone tissue engineering application. The phase purity, composition, size, functional groups and surface morphology of the apatite were elucidated using spectroscopic (X-ray Diffraction (XRD); FourierTransform Infrared Spectroscopy (FR-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy). The results SEM showed that Ag/MgO- CFSHAP nanoparticles have round morphologies and the SEM-EDS revealed the characteristic Ag, Mg, Ca/P and O composition, FT-IR analysis confirmed relevant hydroxylapatite functional groups like carbonate, phosphate and hydroxyl groups while XRD analysis revealed a well crystalline monophasic HAp powder comparabie to the MAP reference model (JCPDF no. 00-064-0738). The 1000°c calcined Ag/MgO-CFSHAP also displayed stable phase stability which could lead to increased densification and porosity.The use of Ag will introduce antibacterial properties, while MgO will introduce osseointergration into the HAp